BharatNotes Built from the Livestock and Dairy chapter, whose every figure comes from the Government of Rajasthan's Economic Review 2025-26, published with the State Budget 2026-27, and whose breed-to-district mapping comes from the Rajasthan Board of Secondary Education's Rajasthan Adhyayan, Class 10. Where the textbook's own numbers have been overtaken by the state's current ones, they appear here as distractors, because that is exactly where they appear in a real paper.
How to use this page
Every answer traces to the parent chapter, and no question invents a fact. The species shares rest on Livestock Census 2019, which is still the basis the state's own Review uses; the production figures are for 2023-24; the dairy, veterinary and scheme figures run up to December 2025. A figure without its year is half an answer, so each question or its key names the document and the period.
The distractors are the point. Most are real errors in circulation: the sheep share the Class 10 textbook still prints, the district-union count from 2006-07, a target read as an achievement, a nine-month position read as a full year. Every answer carries a "why not the others" line, because in a paper with negative marking the skill being tested is elimination.
Work in this order: Sections A to C cold, since the shares and the breeds carry most of the marks; then D to F; then the assertion-reason and matching sets; then the flashcards and one-liners as a final sweep.
Read the tag on each question
| Tag | What it tests | If you keep missing these |
|---|---|---|
| Type A · superseded figure | A number the state's current Review has replaced | Learn every figure with its document and year, never bare |
| Type B · breed and district | A true breed fact attached to the wrong district or the wrong breed | Revise breeds as pairs, not as a list |
| Type C · target, not achievement | A planned number offered as a result | Ask of every scheme figure: is this what was done, or what was intended? |
| Type D · share vs output | A production share used as a population share | Keep the census column and the production column apart |
| Type E · part-year figure | A nine-month position read as a full year | Anything marked "up to December" is not a year |
| Recall / Concept | No trap — the fact, or the idea behind it | Ordinary revision |
Section A — Rajasthan's share of India (Q1–6)
1. Of the species below, Rajasthan holds the largest share of India's population in — Recall
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(b) Camels — 84.43%, on the Economic Review 2025-26, which takes the population from Livestock Census 2019. More than five-sixths of India's camels are in Rajasthan.
Why not the others: (a) goats at 14.00% come second, and are the highest share after the camel by a wide margin; (d) buffaloes 12.47%; (c) sheep 10.64%. The gap between first and second on this list is seventy percentage points, which is why the camel answers any "largest share" question on this chapter.
2. Rajasthan's share of India's cattle, as given in the Economic Review 2025-26, is — Recall
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(c) 7.24% — the lowest share of any species on the Review's list.
Why not the others: (a) 14.00% is goats, (b) 12.47% buffaloes, (d) 10.60% all livestock taken together. Intuition gets this one wrong: Rajasthan reads as a cattle state, and cattle is the species where its national share is smallest. The goat share is nearly double the cattle share.
3. Arranged in descending order of Rajasthan's share of India's population, the correct sequence is — Concept
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(d) Goats (14.00%), Buffaloes (12.47%), Sheep (10.64%), Cattle (7.24%), with camels (84.43%) above all four and all livestock together at 10.60%.
Why not the others: (b) is the ordering most candidates produce, because sheep feel as though they should outrank buffaloes in a state that makes half of India's wool. They do not — the wool share is an output figure and the sheep share a population figure, and the two do not move together. (a) inverts the list entirely.
4. Rajasthan's total livestock population, on the census basis the Economic Review 2025-26 uses, is — Recall
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(a) 568.01 lakh, from Livestock Census 2019 — the 20th Census — as cited in the Economic Review 2025-26.
Why not the others: (b) 146.23 lakh is the poultry count, which the Census reports separately; (c) 714.24 lakh is the two added together, which is nobody's published figure and the commonest way this small table is misread. Quote the number with its year attached: it is a 2019 count carried forward, not a 2025-26 one.
5. For 2023-24, Rajasthan's shares of India's wool and milk production were respectively — Type D · share vs output
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(b) Wool 47.53%, milk 14.51%, both for 2023-24 in the Economic Review 2025-26. These are production shares and they move every year, unlike the census shares, which move once a decade.
Why not the others: (a) swaps them, and it is the swap to guard against, because milk is the bigger sector in rupees and the smaller share in percentage. (c) and (d) drag in 10.64%, which is the sheep population share, not an output share at all.
6. Which statement about poultry in Rajasthan is correct? Concept
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(c) 146.23 lakh, counted separately. Poultry sits outside the livestock total, and the Economic Review 2025-26 reports the two as distinct lines from Livestock Census 2019.
Why not the others: (a) is the error the two-line table invites — reading the poultry figure as a component of the livestock figure. (d) reverses the two. A question that asks for "total livestock" is answered by 568.01 lakh alone.
Section B — Cattle: five breeds and their districts (Q7–11)
7. The cattle breed described as dual-purpose, yielding 5 to 10 litres a day and also giving strong draught bullocks, is — Concept
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(a) Kankrej, of the south-west — Barmer, Sirohi and Jalore. "Dual-purpose" is Kankrej's label, and it is the label a question can be hung on.
Why not the others: (b) Rathi and (d) Tharparkar are the milk breeds, and Rathi's bullocks are specifically weak at draught; (c) Nagauri is the draught breed whose cows give little milk. Milk, draught, or both — each of the state's five breeds sits in exactly one of those three boxes.
8. Tharparkar cattle are known locally by which second name? Type B · breed and district
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(d) Malani, after Malani in Barmer, where the breed originates. It is a high-yielding milk breed.
Why not the others: (a) Suhalak is the tract in Nagaur where the Nagauri breed originates; (b) Shekhawati is Chokla's second name and (c) Chanothar is Sonadi's — both sheep, not cattle. The Malani name is the fastest way to keep Tharparkar in Barmer and Rathi in Bikaner, which is the pair most often swapped.
9. The north-western breed of Sri Ganganagar, Bikaner and Jaisalmer, high in milk but weak in draught, is — Type B · breed and district
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(b) Rathi. High milk yield, weak bullocks — the combination that separates it from Kankrej, which is strong at both.
Why not the others: (a) Kankrej is south-western (Barmer, Sirohi, Jalore); (c) Gir is a Gujarat breed found in Rajasthan's south-east; (d) Nagauri belongs to Nagaur and Jodhpur and is a draught breed. Rathi and Tharparkar are the two western milk breeds and the pair to fix by district: Rathi north-west, Tharparkar Barmer.
10. In Rajasthan, Gir cattle are found chiefly in — Type B · breed and district
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(c) Ajmer, Chittorgarh, Bundi and Kota — the south-east. Gir is the outsider on the list: native to the Gir forest of Saurashtra in Gujarat, and settled in Rajasthan's south-east rather than its west.
Why not the others: (a) is Kankrej's tract, (b) Rathi's, (d) Nagauri's. An option that places Gir in the desert is wrong twice over — wrong region, and wrong idea of a breed that is not a desert animal at all.
11. The breed originating in the "Suhalak" tract, whose bullocks are found in Jodhpur and Nagaur and whose cows give little milk, is — Recall
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(c) Nagauri — the draught breed. Suhalak is the tract, Nagaur the district, and the low milk yield is the identifying fact.
Why not the others: (a) and (b) are milk breeds; (d) Kankrej gives both milk and draught power, which is precisely what Nagauri does not. The tract name is worth carrying, because a question that offers "Suhalak" and no district is answered only by the breed.
Section C — Sheep, wool and the breeding programme (Q12–18)
12. The most numerous sheep breed in Rajasthan, at about 45% of the state's sheep, is — Recall
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(b) Marwari — about 45%, found in Jodhpur, Barmer, Pali, Dausa and Jaipur.
Why not the others: (a) Chokla is the finest-wool breed, not the most numerous, and the two facts get run together into one wrong sentence; (d) Malpuri is the deshi breed of Jaipur, Dausa, Tonk, Karauli and Sawai Madhopur; (c) Magra yields about 2 kg of wool a year. Numbers and quality belong to different breeds here.
13. The breed called "India's Merino", giving the finest wool of any Indian breed at 1 to 1.5 kg a year, is — Recall
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(a) Chokla, also called Shekhawati after its tract. Finest wool, smallest quantity — 1 to 1.5 kg a year.
Why not the others: (b) Nali is noted for a greater quantity of wool, which is the opposite half of the same distinction; (c) Sonadi is the southern breed with the ground-touching ears; (d) Marwari is the numerous one. Fine wool, much wool and many sheep are three different claims about three different breeds.
14. The Pugal sheep breed takes its name from a tehsil of — Type B · breed and district
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(c) Bikaner — Pugal tehsil. A breed named after a tehsil rather than a district is a gift of a question, and this is the only one on the list.
Why not the others: (a) Jaisalmer gives its name to the Jaisalmeri breed, which is the parallel case one level up; (b) Churu and (d) Hanumangarh both appear in Nali's district list and are therefore plausible-looking, which is why they are here.
15. The breed whose ears are long enough to touch the ground while it grazes, found in Banswara, Bhilwara, Dungarpur and Udaipur, is — Type B · breed and district
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(d) Sonadi, also called Chanothar. It is the state's southern sheep breed and the only one identified by a physical feature rather than by its wool.
Why not the others: (a) Magra and (c) Jaisalmeri are desert breeds of the north-west; (b) Malpuri belongs to the Jaipur–Tonk–Karauli belt. Sonadi is the one to place in the south, and the southern districts in its list are the giveaway.
16. Which breed-and-district pairing is correct? Type B · breed and district
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(a) Magra — Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Churu and Nagaur. Magra runs west; Nali runs north-east — Hanumangarh, Churu, Bikaner and Jhunjhunu.
Why not the others: (b) and (c) are those same two lists with the breed names exchanged, which is the swap this pair invites: both breeds are northern, both are wool breeds, and Bikaner and Churu appear in both lists, so only the two end districts separate them. (d) gives Malpuri's districts to Nali.
17. Cross-breeding under the Sheep Breeding Programme was applied to which four breeds? Recall
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(d) Nali, Chokla, Sonadi and Malpura. Four of the eight breeds were selected, and Chokla's place on the list sits well with its being the fine-wool breed.
Why not the others: Every wrong option keeps two of the four and substitutes two, which is how this question is actually set. (a) puts Marwari and Magra on the list — the most numerous breed and a bulk-wool breed, both plausible, neither selected.
18. Rajasthan's share of India's sheep, on the Government of Rajasthan's own current figure, is — Type A · superseded figure
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(b) 10.64%, from the Economic Review 2025-26 on Livestock Census 2019.
Why not the others: (a) 25% is what the Class 10 Rajasthan Adhyayan chapter still prints, and the state's own Review has replaced it — the most dangerous stale number on this topic. (c) 47.53% is the wool production share for 2023-24, and using it as a sheep share is the classic conflation; (d) 14.00% is goats. A tenth of India's sheep produce nearly half its wool, and holding those two apart is what the chapter turns on.
Section D — What the herd produces, and the veterinary network (Q19–24)
19. Rajasthan's milk production in 2023-24, the latest complete year in the state's own accounts, was — Recall
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(b) 34,733 thousand tonnes, from Table 1.10 of the Economic Review 2025-26.
Why not the others: Every wrong option is a real figure from an earlier row of the same table — (a) 26,572 is 2019-20, (c) 30,723 is 2020-21, (d) 33,307 is 2022-23. There is no full-year 2025-26 milk figure to quote, so 2023-24 is the year to carry.
20. Between 2022-23 and 2023-24, Rajasthan's wool production — Concept
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(d) Fell, from 161 lakh kg in 2022-23 to 160 lakh kg in 2023-24. The state that makes nearly half of India's wool saw its wool output slip in the latest year for which it has full accounts.
Why not the others: (a) 156 is the 2021-22 figure and (b) 144 the 2019-20 figure, so both describe a rise over a longer span rather than the change between the last two years. Read the question's two years before reading the table, because over five years the direction is up and over the last one it is down.
21. Across 2019-20 to 2023-24, Rajasthan's milk and wool output grew respectively by about — Concept
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(a) Milk about 31%, wool about 11% — milk from 26,572 to 34,733 thousand tonnes, wool from 144 to 160 lakh kg, on Table 1.10 of the Economic Review 2025-26.
Why not the others: (b) swaps them, which reverses the chapter's central observation: milk is the growth story and wool is not. (d) borrows 47% from the wool production share, which is a share of India, not a rate of growth.
22. The number of veterinary polyclinics in Rajasthan, up to December in 2025-26, was — Type E · part-year figure
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(c) 98, in Table 1.9 of the Economic Review 2025-26, and it is a nine-month position to December, not a closed year.
Why not the others: (a) 35 is 2021-22, (b) 48 is 2023-24, (d) 73 is 2024-25 — all real rows of the same table. Polyclinics nearly tripled in four years, from 35 to 98, which is the fact worth carrying out of this table.
23. Which statement about district mobile veterinary units in Table 1.9 is correct? Type E · part-year figure
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(c) Fell from 102 to 34, unexplained. The count held steady at 102 from 2021-22 to 2024-25 and stands at 34 in the December 2025 column, and the Review offers no reason.
Why not the others: (a) is the plausible guess and it is not in the document — absorption into the 1962 mobile veterinary service would explain the drop, but the Review does not say so, and an answer that asserts it is asserting more than the source does. (d) confuses two rows and two services: 536 is the 1962 service's vehicle count, and polyclinics are counted separately at 98.
24. Under the fifth phase of the Foot-and-Mouth Disease programme in 2025-26 (up to December), the number of cattle and buffalo vaccinated free was — Recall
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(b) 1.86 crore, free of cost, in the fifth phase of the FMD programme.
Why not the others: (a) 108.30 lakh is the free Lumpy Skin Disease vaccination of cattle, the other disease campaign in the same paragraph; (c) 571.90 lakh is total vaccinations of every kind; (d) 17.09 lakh is artificial inseminations, which is not a vaccination figure at all. All four are part-year, to December 2025.
Section E — Dairy and the cooperative structure (Q25–29)
25. The number of District Milk Producers' Cooperative Unions in Rajasthan, as at December 2025, is — Type A · superseded figure
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(a) 24, on the Economic Review 2025-26, "Dairy Development", as at December 2025.
Why not the others: (b) 16 is the Class 10 textbook's figure and it dates from 2006-07 — nearly two decades stale and still widely printed. (c) 41 is the number of districts, and the two counts are not the same thing: there is no rule that each district carries a union of its own. (d) 19,643 is the village-level society count, one tier below.
26. The apex body of Rajasthan's three-tier dairy cooperative structure is — Recall
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(c) The Rajasthan Cooperative Dairy Federation (RCDF) Limited, Jaipur — the state tier of a structure built on Verghese Kurien's Anand pattern.
Why not the others: (b) is the district tier and (d) the village tier, and a question asking for the state-level federation is answered only by RCDF. (a) is a livestock training institution, not a dairy body at all. Village society, district union, state federation — say the three in order and the question answers itself.
27. The number of village Dairy Cooperative Societies in Rajasthan, as at December 2025, is — Type A · superseded figure
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(b) 19,643, on the Economic Review 2025-26.
Why not the others: (a) 8,874 is the Class 10 textbook's 2006-07 figure, superseded and still in circulation; (c) 24 is the district-union count; (d) 10 lakh is the number of milk producers in the programme, which is people, not societies. Three numbers describe three different things in the same paragraph, and they are routinely mixed.
28. As at December 2025, the installed milk processing capacity and the average milk procurement were respectively — Type E · part-year figure
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(c) Capacity 51.40 lakh litres a day; procurement 30.29 lakh kg a day, against a procurement target of 36.95. Installed capacity runs well ahead of collection, and that gap is the observation worth more than either figure alone.
Why not the others: (a) reverses the two. (b) offers the target as the capacity — 36.95 is what the unions aimed to procure, not what they can process. (d) is the marketing line: 22.60 lakh litres a day marketed against a target of 26.63. All of these are nine-month positions against annual targets, so running below target here is a part-year reading, not a shortfall.
29. The amount paid to milk producers, up to December 2025, was — Recall
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(d) ₹4,304.91 crore, from Table 1.11 of the Economic Review 2025-26 and its surrounding text, for nine months to December 2025.
Why not the others: (c) is the same figure with the decimal moved — the cheapest wrong option in any money question and the easiest to tick in a hurry. (a) ₹17 crore is the Camel Conservation and Development Mission's assistance and (b) ₹144.15 crore the NABARD RIDF Tranche-31 sanction for 310 veterinary hospitals; both are real sums from this chapter and neither has anything to do with milk payments.
Section F — Institutes, schemes and the 2026 position (Q30–36)
30. The National Research Centre on Camel is located at — Recall
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(a) Bikaner.
Why not the others: (b) Avikanagar is not a random distractor — it is the home of the Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, so both name genuine livestock research stations and only the species separates them. Bikaner is camel; Avikanagar is sheep and wool. (c) Jodhpur has the Wool and Sheep Training School and (d) Suratgarh an ICAR sheep research centre, so every option here is a real institution in the wrong place.
31. Avikanagar, home of the Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, lies in which district? Type B · breed and district
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(d) Tonk.
Why not the others: (a) Bikaner carries the camel centre, a veterinary college and an ICAR sheep research centre, which is what makes it the tempting wrong answer to almost every institute question in this chapter; (c) Jaipur has the other veterinary college of the Second Five Year Plan. Name the institution and the district, not the institution and the village, because the village name alone is what a question will give you.
32. The Rajasthan Livestock Management Institute, set up with World Bank assistance, is at — Recall
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(c) Jamdoli, and the World Bank funding is part of the identification.
Why not the others: (d) Doomara, or Tabiji, in Ajmer is the National Research Centre on Seed Spices; (b) Avikanagar is sheep and wool; (a) Suratgarh an ICAR sheep research centre. Four institutions, four places, and no two of them share a district.
33. Which statement about the Mukhyamantri Mangala Pashu Bima Yojana is correct? Type C · target, not achievement
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(d). Free cover from 1 December 2025 for indigenous cow, buffalo, sheep, goat and camel, with 100% of the premium borne by the State Government. A scheme that insures only indigenous species is a breed-conservation instrument wearing an insurance jacket, which is the line a Mains answer needs.
Why not the others: (c) is the trap this scheme is built for: 42 lakh is the 2025-26 target, including animals already insured, and not a count of animals insured. (a) contradicts the 100% state premium and (b) the restriction to indigenous species, which is the design feature that makes the scheme examinable at all.
34. Under the scheme in 2024-25, free insurance was provided to — Type C · target, not achievement
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(b) 10.63 lakh animals belonging to 5.54 lakh families, the 2024-25 achievement in the Economic Review 2025-26.
Why not the others: (a) imports the 42 lakh target into an achievement line, which is the same error one question later; (c) reverses animals and families, and a moment's thought rules it out, since a family holding less than one animal is not a livestock statistic. (d) belongs to the Camel Conservation and Development Mission.
35. Under the Camel Conservation and Development Mission, the figures reported so far are — Recall
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(a) 25,364 newborn calves — todies — ₹17 crore, and 9,379 rearers. These are cumulative "so far" figures, not one year's.
Why not the others: (b) exchanges the calves and the rearers, and the direction matters: there are far more calves than rearers, because a scheme paying per calf reaches each rearer more than once. Set this against the 84.43% share: a state holding five-sixths of India's camels is paying a bounty on newborn calves to keep them, which tells you the population is falling.
36. The 1962 mobile veterinary service, run on the model of the 108 medical emergency service, operated in 2025-26 with — Recall
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(d) 536 mobile veterinary vehicles, which treated 59.82 lakh animals and benefited more than 15.30 lakh livestock owners in 2025-26.
Why not the others: (a) 34 and (b) 102 are the district mobile veterinary unit counts from Table 1.9 — a different row, a different service, and the two are constantly run together. (c) 310 is the number of veterinary hospitals for which NABARD approved ₹144.15 crore under RIDF Tranche-31, which is buildings, not vehicles.
Assertion and Reason (Q37–41)
Decide whether each statement is true on its own before asking whether the second explains the first.
37. A: Rajasthan produces nearly half of India's wool while holding only about a tenth of its sheep. R: The state's sheep are wool breeds rather than meat breeds. Type D · share vs output
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(a) Wool 47.53% of India's production in 2023-24 against 10.64% of its sheep, and the breed composition is the reason. It is not a productivity miracle; it is a breed story — which is the one sentence a Mains answer needs on why Rajasthan matters to Indian animal husbandry.
38. A: Of all the species listed in the Economic Review 2025-26, cattle is the one in which Rajasthan holds its largest national share. R: Rajasthan's share of India's cattle is 7.24%. Recall
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(d) R is correct and it is what makes A false: 7.24% is the lowest share on the list, not the largest. The largest is the camel at 84.43%. Watch the direction — the true statement is the reason, not the assertion.
39. A: The 42 lakh animals under the Mangala Pashu Bima Yojana for 2025-26 must not be written as animals insured. R: The Economic Review 2025-26 gives it as the year's target, counting animals already insured within it. Type C · target, not achievement
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(a) R is exactly why A holds. A target is an intention and an achievement is a result, and the 2024-25 achievement on record is 10.63 lakh animals of 5.54 lakh families. Any figure introduced by the word "target" is not a count of anything that has happened.
40. A: The camel share of 84.43% rests on the 21st Livestock Census, whose Rajasthan results are now published. R: Rajasthan holds a larger share of India's camels than of any other species. Type A · superseded figure
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(d) R is true; A is false in its basis. The share is real, but it rests on Livestock Census 2019 — the 20th — which is what the Government of Rajasthan's own Economic Review 2025-26 still cites. The 21st Census was launched on 25 October 2024 with enumeration to run to 31 March 2025, and no 21st-census population for Rajasthan has been published. When it is, every share in this chapter changes at once, the camel figure most of all.
41. A: Veterinary sub-centres in Rajasthan grew from 5,768 in 2021-22 to 7,712 by December 2025. R: District mobile veterinary units fell from 102 to 34 over the same period. Concept
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(b) Both figures stand in Table 1.9, and neither accounts for the other. The Review gives no reason for the fall in mobile units, so a candidate who links the two rows is supplying a cause the source does not. Two true rows of one table are not a cause and an effect.
Match the following (Q42–45)
Lock the one pair you are certain of, then eliminate. Every wrong code is a real swap, not a random shuffle.
42. Cattle breed with tract or districts Type B · breed and district
List I — A. Nagauri · B. Kankrej · C. Rathi · D. Gir
List II — 1. Sri Ganganagar, Bikaner, Jaisalmer · 2. Ajmer, Chittorgarh, Bundi, Kota · 3. The "Suhalak" tract of Nagaur · 4. Barmer, Sirohi, Jalore
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(c) Option (a) puts Gir in the north-west and Rathi in the south-east, which is the swap that matters: Gir is a Gujarat breed and belongs nowhere near the desert.
43. Sheep breed with distinguishing fact Recall
List I — A. Marwari · B. Chokla · C. Pugal · D. Sonadi
List II — 1. Named after a tehsil of Bikaner · 2. Ears long enough to touch the ground while grazing · 3. About 45% of the state's sheep · 4. "India's Merino", the finest wool of any Indian breed
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(a) Option (b) makes the finest-wool breed the most numerous one, which is the single commonest sentence-level error on the sheep table.
44. Institution with location Recall
List I — A. National Research Centre on Camel · B. Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute · C. National Research Centre on Seed Spices · D. Rajasthan Livestock Management Institute
List II — 1. Avikanagar · 2. Jamdoli · 3. Bikaner · 4. Doomara / Tabiji, Ajmer
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(d) Option (b) is the camel-and-sheep swap — Avikanagar for Bikaner — and it is the one a paper would actually set, because both are genuine livestock research stations.
45. Figure with what it measures, Economic Review 2025-26 Type E · part-year figure
List I — A. 51.40 lakh litres per day · B. 30.29 lakh kg per day · C. 19,643 · D. ₹4,304.91 crore
List II — 1. Paid to milk producers · 2. Village dairy cooperative societies · 3. Average milk procurement · 4. Installed milk processing capacity
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(b) All four are positions up to December 2025, not full-year results. Option (a) reverses capacity and procurement, which is the pairing worth holding in the right order: the unions can process more than they collect.
Flashcards
Tap to reveal. These are the ones that decide close questions.
The six shares, in order
Camel 84.43% · Goat 14.00% · Buffalo 12.47% · Sheep 10.64% · Cattle 7.24% · All livestock 10.60%. Livestock Census 2019, via the Economic Review 2025-26. Cattle is the lowest.
The two totals, and why they stay apart
568.01 lakh livestock and 146.23 lakh poultry, counted separately. Poultry is not inside the livestock total.
Wool against sheep
47.53% of India's wool (2023-24) from 10.64% of its sheep. Milk share 14.51%. A breed story, not a productivity one.
Cattle: which breed does what
Milk — Tharparkar (Malani, Barmer) and Rathi (Sri Ganganagar, Bikaner, Jaisalmer, weak bullocks). Draught — Nagauri (Suhalak tract, Nagaur). Both — Kankrej (Barmer, Sirohi, Jalore, 5-10 l/day). Outsider — Gir, a Gujarat breed, in the south-east.
Sheep: the four separable ones
Chokla — "India's Merino", finest wool, 1-1.5 kg a year. Marwari — most numerous, about 45%. Pugal — named after Pugal tehsil of Bikaner. Sonadi — ears touch the ground.
Magra or Nali?
Magra runs west — Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Churu, Nagaur, about 2 kg a year. Nali runs north-east — Hanumangarh, Churu, Bikaner, Jhunjhunu, noted for quantity. Cross-breeding went to Nali, Chokla, Sonadi, Malpura.
Production, 2023-24
Milk 34,733 thousand tonnes · Meat 247 thousand tonnes · Eggs 3,087 million · Wool 160 lakh kg. Milk about +31% over five years; wool about +11%, and down from 161 in the last year.
Dairy in three tiers
19,643 village societies → 24 district milk unions → RCDF Ltd, Jaipur. Anand pattern. Capacity 51.40 lakh litres a day, procurement 30.29 lakh kg a day, 10 lakh producers, ₹4,304.91 crore paid, to December 2025. The textbook's 16 unions and 8,874 societies are 2006-07.
Institutions, and the pair RPSC separates
Camel — Bikaner. Sheep and wool — Avikanagar, Tonk. Seed spices — Doomara/Tabiji, Ajmer. Veterinary colleges Bikaner and Jaipur; ICAR sheep research Bikaner and Suratgarh; wool training Jodhpur; livestock management Jamdoli, World Bank aided.
The schemes of 2025-26
Mangala Pashu Bima — free cover from 1 Dec 2025 for indigenous cow, buffalo, sheep, goat, camel; 100% premium by the State; 42 lakh is the target. Camel Mission — 25,364 todies, ₹17 crore, 9,379 rearers. 1962 service — 536 vehicles, on the 108 model, 59.82 lakh animals treated.
Rapid one-liners
Which species gives Rajasthan its largest share of India?
The camel — 84.43%. Cattle, at 7.24%, is the smallest.
Total livestock, and on what basis?
568.01 lakh, Livestock Census 2019, as the Economic Review 2025-26 still cites it.
Wool share and milk share, and for which year?
Wool 47.53%, milk 14.51%, for 2023-24.
Which cattle breed is dual-purpose?
Kankrej — Barmer, Sirohi, Jalore; 5 to 10 litres a day and strong bullocks.
Tharparkar's other name?
Malani, after Malani in Barmer.
Which sheep breed is "India's Merino"?
Chokla, also Shekhawati — 1 to 1.5 kg of the finest wool a year.
Which breed is named after a tehsil, and whose?
Pugal, after Pugal tehsil of Bikaner.
How many district milk unions, and how many village societies?
24 unions and 19,643 societies, at December 2025. The apex is RCDF Ltd, Jaipur.
Camel research centre, and sheep and wool research institute?
Camel — Bikaner. Sheep and wool — Avikanagar, in Tonk district.
What does the Mangala Pashu Bima Yojana cover, and who pays?
Indigenous cow, buffalo, sheep, goat and camel, free from 1 December 2025; the State pays 100% of the premium.
Why is 42 lakh not an achievement?
Because it is the 2025-26 target, counting animals already insured. The 2024-25 achievement was 10.63 lakh animals of 5.54 lakh families.
Which census is still the published basis, and what is coming?
The 20th, of 2019. The 21st was launched on 25 October 2024 with enumeration to 31 March 2025, and no Rajasthan population from it has been published.
More in This Series
- Livestock and Dairy Development in Rajasthan — the chapter these questions come from
- Caution for Readers — the claims that are genuinely unsettled
Sources & Verification
Every question is derived from the parent chapter, whose Sources & Verification section lists what was checked and what was deliberately not asserted. The figures are the Government of Rajasthan's own, from the Economic Review 2025-26, published with the State Budget 2026-27; the breed-to-district mapping is from Rajasthan Adhyayan, Class 10, and none of that textbook's numbers is used as current.
No PYQ is cited anywhere on this page. Question numbers here are our own, not RPSC's.
Two textbook figures appear only as distractors, never as keys: the 25% share of India's sheep, which the state's Review gives as 10.64%, and the 16 district milk unions and 8,874 village societies of 2006-07, now 24 and 19,643. Both are still in wide circulation, which is why they are set as options rather than left out.
Part-year figures are labelled in the questions that use them. Anything running "up to December" is a nine-month position in 2025-26, and Q28 is written so that reading procurement below target as a shortfall is the error, not the answer.
No question is set on anything the parent chapter declines to explain or to source. Q23 turns on the Review giving no reason for the fall in district mobile veterinary units, so the defensible answer — that the drop is recorded and unexplained — is the key, and the plausible explanation is the distractor. Goat and camel breeds are not tested at all, because the chapter does not carry them: they could not be sourced to a document read directly, and a question cannot be set on a list the page itself refuses to print.
