Plethora

noun
/ˈplɛθ.ə.rə/
An excessive or overabundant quantity of something; a large amount that exceeds what is needed or desired. Typically used with "of" (e.g., "a plethora of options").

✍️ Usage in a UPSC answer

The proliferation of a plethora of overlapping welfare schemes, each with its own ministry and reporting machinery, has fragmented the developmental effort and underscored the case for rationalisation under a consolidated direct-benefit architecture.

Synonyms

surfeitglutsuperabundanceexcessprofusionoverabundance

Antonyms

dearthscarcitypaucitylack

🌱 Word Family

plethoric (adj), plethora (n), plethorically (adv)

🔡 Root

Greek plēthōrē = fullness, from plēthein = to be full; via Late Latin plethora; orig. medical term (1540s)

📜 Etymology

From Late Latin plethora, from Greek plēthōrē "fullness", from plēthein "to be full". Originally (1540s) a medical term for an excess of bodily fluid or blood.

🧠 Memory Hook

Think "PLE-THORA = PLENTY + MORE" — and remember the Greek plethein "to be full": a plethora is fullness pushed past the point of being healthy, i.e. too much of a good thing.

📝 Seen in UPSC Question Papers

Real UPSC previous-year questions whose text uses “Plethora” — proof this word earns its place on your list.

Tip: press Alt+S to hear pronunciation

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